Given the pivotal role of the mining sector in the national economy, the legal and regulatory framework for mining companies needs an in-depth economic analysis. It is expected that such analysis will cover inter alia some or all of the following aspects: resource rent allocation; environmental and social impact vis-à-vis economic benefits; sustainability of mining industries; local employment and outsourcing; regulatory environment for small-scale ‘ninja” mining; transparency and credibility of laws and regulations and assessment of enforcement practices; anti-corruption provisions.